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Adjectives describe nouns.
Colors are Adjectives and describe nouns.
For ie. El gato negro. - The black cat.
("negro(adjective)" described "the cat (noun)".)
In Spanish adjectives correlate(agree) with the noun
and the adjective comes after the noun.
Instructions: Look over the adjectives "red" and "black" and then look at the nouns, balloon, car, lamp and pick-up truck. Take notice that there are different endings and they use different articles(la, una, las, / el, un, los), then scroll down and read the instructions.
Adjetivos - Adjectives
rojo - red (singular, masculine)
roja - red (singular, feminine)
rojos - red (plural, masculine)
rojas - red(singular, feminine)
negro - black (singular, masculine)
negra - black(singular, feminine)
negros - black (plural, masculine)
negras - black (plural, feminine)
Nombres - Nouns
el globo - the balloon (singular, masculine)
los globos - the balloons (plural, masculine)
un globo - a balloon (singular, masculine)
el coche - the car (singular, masculine)
los coches - the cars (plural, masculine)
un coche - a car (singular, masculine)
la lámpara - the lamp (singular, feminine)
las lámparas - the lamps (plural, feminine)
una lámpara - a lamp (singular, feminine)
la camioneta - the pick-up truck (singular, feminine)
las caminoetas - the pick-up trucks (plural, feminine)
una camioneta - a pick-up truck (singular, feminine)
Instructions1) Take notice of the adjective "rojo, roja, rojos, rojas". The reason it has four different spellings is because the adjective needs to agree with the noun. For ie. if the noun is singular masculine,"el globo", then you would use the singular masculine adjective "rojo". If the noun is singular feminine "la lámpara", then you would use the singular feminine adjective "roja" . If the noun is plural mascline, "los globos" then you would use the plural masculine adjective "rojos" and if the noun is plural feminine, "las lámparas", then you would use the plural feminine adjective "rojas".
Example (singular and plural for masculine nouns and adjectives)
"El globo" is singular masculine because the article "el" is used, and you are speaking about the balloon.
"Los globos" is plural masculine because the article is "los" is used, and you are speaking about "the balloons".
If you want to say, "The balloon is red." then you would say, "El globo está rojo.".
If you want to say, "The balloons are red, then you would say, "Los globos están rojos."
*(If you want to learn about "está or están" go to Estar vs. Ser in Chapter 4.)
Example (singular and plural for feminine nouns and adjectives)
"La lámpara" is singular feminine because the article "la" is used.
"Las lámparas" is plural feminine because the article "las" is used.
If you want to say, "The lamp is red." then you would say, "La lámpara está roja.".
If you want to say, "The lamps are red, then you would say, "Las lámparas están rojas."
*(If you want to learn about "está or están" go to Estar vs. Ser in Chapter 4.)
2) Take notice of the adjective "negro, negra, negros, negras". The reason it has four different spellings is because the adjective needs to agree with the noun. For ie. The noun "el globo" is singular masculine and you would use the singular masculine adjective "negro" to describe "el globo". If the noun is singular feminine, "la lámpara, then you would use the singular feminine adjective "negra" to describe, "la lámpara".
If the noun is plural mascline, "los globos" then you would use the plural masculine adjective "rojos" and if the noun is plural feminine, "las lámparas", then you would use the plural feminine adjective "rojas".
Example (singular and plural for masculine nouns and adjectives)
El coche is singular masculine because the article used is "el" and you are speaking about one car.
The plural masculine would be "los coches - the cars".
If you want to say, "The car is black." then you would say, "El coche está negro.".
If you want to say, "The lamps are black, then you would say, "Los coches están negros."
*(If you want to learn about "está or están" go to Estar vs. Ser in Chapter 4.)
Example (singular and plural for feminine nouns and adjectives)
La camioneta is singular feminine because the article used is "la" and you are speaking about one pick-up truck.
The plural feminine would be "las camionetas - the pick-up trucks".
If you want to say, "The pick-up truck is black." then you would say, "La camioneta está negra.".
If you want to say, "The pick-up trucks are black, then you would say, "Las camionetas están negras.".
*(If you want to learn about "está or están" go to Estar vs. Ser in Chapter 4.)
Question: Why are you color coding the article and the last letter in the nouns and adjectives?
Answer: I am trying to demonstrate that the article correlates with the ending of the noun.
For ie. When the noun ends in "a" the article is "la".
When the noun ends in "o" the article is "el".
When the article is "el" the adjective ends in "o".
When the article is "la" the adjective ends in "a".
Question: "Coche" doesn't end in an "a" or "o", so do all nouns that end in "e" like in "coche"
use "el" as the article?
Answer: No, nouns that don't end in "a" or "o" don't have a rule for "el" or "la".
You will have to remember if the article is "el" or "la" with nouns like "el coche" or "la televisión".
Also, there are nouns that end in "a" or "o" that use the opposite article.
Example. "el programa" or "la radio". (These are exceptions to the rule.)
Question: Adjectives that don't end in "a" or "o" like azul, verde, gris, etc., do they have different
endings for feminine and masculine?
Answer: No, They do not have different endings for masculine and feminine.
For ie. El coche verde. La camioneta verde.
El plato gris. La bicicleta gris.
El ojo azul. La pelota azul.
but when the nouns are plural, you need to pluralize
the adjectives.
Los coches verdes. Las camionetas verdes.
Los platos grises. Las bicicletas grises.
Los ojos azules. Las pelotas azules.
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