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In "Body Parts" you will see a picture of a body part. The picture will either be singular or plural. If the picture is singular, you will see the article el, la, un, una.
If the picture is plural, you will see the article, los, or las.
la lengua - the tongue  -   las lenguas - the tongues
el codo - the elbow    -  los codos - the elbows
"codo" also means "cheap" in slang. So if you meet someone who is cheap and you know they don't know Spanish, you can tap your elbow and say "codo." Very rude if you get caught.....
      
Learn the body parts so that when you get to "me duele" - you will be able to describe what hurts. for example.
"Me duele el tobillo." - "My ankle hurts.". 
"Me duele la rodilla." - "My knee hurts.".
"Me duele el brazo." - "My arm hurts."
¿Te duele el tobillo? - Does your ankle hurt?
¿Te duele la rodilla? - Does your knee hurt?
¿Le duele el brazo? - Does your arm hurt? (formal)
Me duelen los hombros. - My shoulders hurt.
Me duelen las manos. - My hands Does your body hurt?
"Te" is used when asking a friend, or a child, or someone you are close to. 
¿Te duele el brazo? - Does your arm hurt?
"Le" is used when asking a question with respect and to people you don't know.
 ¿Le duele el brazo? - Does your arm hurt?